Important MCQ’s for Estimation and Costing

1. Costs which are independent of output and no alternation by the change in production level are called:
A) Fixed cost
B) Production cost
C) Total cost
D) Variable cost

2. Costs that are not borne by the parties to the economic …….. are called ‘externalities’.
A) Gain
B) Transaction
C) Transfer
D) Loss

3. During the construction period, price variation clause in contracts caters to:
A) Increase in rates of only important materials
B) Variation in cost in material element, labour element, and petrol, oil, lubricant element
C) Variation in total cost of the project on an adhoc basis
D) Rate of inflation

4. In case of discrepancy between rate in words and figures:
A) Rate in words is determining
B) Rate in figures is determining
C) Both are determining
D) None of the above

5. Specifications for the hold fasts are given in terms of:
A) Length
B) Number
C) Volume
D) Weight

6. The most unpredictable cost of a project is:
A) Environment management cost
B) Underground construction cost
C) Transportation cost
D) Social management cost

7. Provisional sum allocated for:
A) Additional payment for items included in the estimate
B) Types of works, whose details are not known, preparing the estimate
C) Payment to the contractor after work is completed satisfactorily
D) Payment to supervisory staff

8. Public works must be of very good quality, because:
A) It is paid in higher rate
B) Projects are of higher priority
C) Users are general public and maintenance is not timely, difficult and costly
D) All of the above

9. The information which cannot be included in drawings is conveyed to estimator through:
A) Specification
B) Cover note
C) Progress chart
D) None

10. The two important types of specification commonly used are:
A) Initial and final
B) Material and item
C) Labour and item
D) None

11. The technique of finding the exact price of existing building or property is known as:
A) Pricing
B) Estimation
C) Valuation
D) Costing

12. If valuable property are found during excavation by contractor, it becomes the property of:
A) Contractor
B) Labour
C) Government
D) Owner of site

13. The minimum number of hinges required in the door and window shutter should be:
A) 2 & 1
B) 2 & 2
C) 2 & 3
D) 3 & 2

14. The minimum number of consulting firms for direct purchase of services is:
A) 6
B) 3
C) 4
D) 1

15. The estimated cost of works must be quoted in the tender notice for works worth up to:
A) 60 lakhs
B) 2 crore
C) 6 crore
D) None

16. The unit of measurement of lintel over opening is:
A) m
B) kg
C) sq. metre
D) Cubic metre

17. A document containing detailed description of all items of the work (but their quantities are not mentioned) together with their current rates are called:
A) Abstract estimate
B) Tender
C) Schedule of rates
D) Analysis of rates

18. Record of payments made to daily labour is kept in a:
A) Daily book
B) Measurement book
C) Muster roll
D) Labour roll

19. The maximum amount of project cost after the price adjustment should not exceed:
A) 5% of original cost
B) 10% of original cost
C) 25% of original cost
D) None

20. Direct purchase can be done for procurement of consulting service or construction works up to:
A) 5 lakh in case of consulting service
B) 5 lakh in case of construction work
C) Both A and B
D) None of above

21. Valuation refers to finding potential:
A) Face value
B) Antique value
C) Market value
D) Book value

22. Which of following is a type of contract specification?
A) Technical specification
B) Standard specification
C) Design specification
D) Product specification

23. Quality and cost based selection (QCBS) method is used:
A) To select contractor
B) To select consultant
C) To select best project
D) All of the above

24. No agreement is between:
A) Client and engineer
B) Engineer and contractor
C) Client and contractor
D) Contractor and sub contractor

25. Norms are used to:
A) Prepare rate analysis
B) Compare cost estimate
C) Prepare specification
D) All of above

26. A firm fixed price contract places upon the contractor:
A) Minimum risk
B) No risk
C) Maximum risk
D) Tolerable risk

27. Insurance provision in GCC applicable for:
A) Loss or damage to works, plant and materials
B) Loss or damage to equipment
C) Personal death or injury
D) All of above

28. An unexpected cost incurred in excess of a budgeted amount is called:
A) Inflation
B) Cost escalation
C) Cost overrun
D) All of the above

29. Scarifying in road works measured in:
A) cm
B) sq. m
C) rm
D) None

30. The item of cost which is calculated easily for specific item of work is:
A) Basis cost
B) Elementary cost
C) Prime cost
D) Specific cost

31. Which professional can practice and prepare water supply layout of commercial building?
A) Civil engineer
B) Sanitary engineer
C) Architect
D) Public health engineer

32. ‘Force Majeure’ in a contract is:
A) Occurrence of an act beyond the control of both contracting parties
B) Preventing both parties to perform the respective obligation agreed
C) Both of the above
D) None of the above

33. Which of the following techniques is advanced and more indicative in modern construction progress review?
A) Earned value
B) S-curve
C) Histogram
D) Milestones

34. Which of the following is most accurate method for quantity estimate of a building?
A) Centre line
B) Plinth area
C) Long wall short wall
D) Crossing

35. Rate analysis prepared by ministry of transport and works includes:
A) Labour and material
B) Labour, material and equipment
C) Labour, material and supervision
D) All

36. Work charge establishment is taken:
A) 2 percent
B) 2.5 percent
C) 1.5 percent
D) 5 percent

37. Bioengineering is measured in:
A) Number
B) km
C) m²
D) rm

38. Which of the following have least significance in B/C analysis of a public project?
A) Identification of relevant benefit and cost
B) Measurement of benefits and costs
C) Calculation of payback period
D) Treatment of uncertainty

39. The maximum thickness of joints in random rubble masonry shall not exceed:
A) 10 mm
B) 20 mm
C) 30 mm
D) 40 mm

40. When engineering departments undertake the works of other department, the amount charged towards design, supervision and execution etc. is called:
A) Work charge establishment
B) Contingencies
C) Service charges
D) Centage charge

41. The expected accuracy level of estimates during the initiation phase of project should be:
A) -25% to +75%
B) -10% to +25%
C) -35% to +75%
D) -10% to +10%

42. Revised estimate is done when:
A) Increase in cost of material and labor
B) Additional works to be done
C) Both
D) None

43. The estimated quantity of cement required in cement mortar (1:6) per cubic metre will be:
A) 5.6 bags
B) 4.8 bags
C) 8 bags
D) 3 bags

44. Bill of quantities is prepared based on:
A) Actual construction quantities
B) Estimated quantities
C) Variation in estimated quantities
D) None of these